JuniorTroubleshooting

A developer messages you: 'My app suddenly gets Access Denied writing to the S3 bucket. Nothing changed.' It worked yesterday. Walk me through what you do.

What they are really testing: They want to see if you can debug identity calmly and by evidence, instead of guessing and handing out broad permissions to make the error go away.

A real interview question

A developer messages you: 'My app suddenly gets Access Denied writing to the S3 bucket. Nothing changed.' It worked yesterday. Walk me through what you do.

What most people say

drag me

I would just give the role s3:* on the bucket to unblock the developer, then look at it properly later.

It treats a permissions bug as an obstacle rather than a signal, it hides the real cause, and the temporary wildcard almost always becomes permanent.

The follow-ups they ask next

  • How would you tell an SCP denial apart from a missing identity permission?

    Say that the policy simulator and CloudTrail both show an explicit deny with no matching allow, and that SCP denials hit even the account admin, which is the giveaway.

  • The developer is blocked and your fix needs a review. What do you do?

    Show that you separate urgency from safety: offer a time boxed, scoped, logged exception with an owner and an expiry, not a permanent wildcard.

What the interviewer is listening for

  • Confirms the actual calling identity before theorising
  • Knows KMS is a separate gate from S3
  • Fixes through IaC and scoped to one action and one ARN
  • Assumes something changed and goes looking for it

What sinks the answer

  • Reaches for a wildcard policy to unblock
  • Debugs the role they assumed rather than the one in use
  • Never mentions CloudTrail or any evidence source
  • Changes three things at once and cannot say which fixed it

If you genuinely do not know

Say this instead of freezing. Reasoning out loud from what you do know beats silence every single time, and a good interviewer is listening for exactly that.

I have not debugged this exact bucket, but here is the order I would work in: first confirm which identity is really calling, then check what changed in the last day, then walk identity policy, bucket policy, SCP and KMS one at a time.

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